2019-2020 Catalog with Addendum II 
    
    Apr 19, 2024  
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2019-2020 Catalog with Addendum II [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

Course Descriptions

The information following course titles indicate (1) hours per week of lecture, (2) hours per week of laboratory and (3) semester credit hours. A small number of courses are offered for a variable number of credit hours, and the semester credit hours listed represent the maximum number of hours possible for credit. This will be noted in the course description.

The frequency of offering follows the meeting and credit hour information. Courses offered every year are designated by semester(s) only. Courses offered every other year are designated by semester and odd/even year.

Note: Since most courses are not offered every semester, students should be aware that failure to take a required course when it is offered may delay graduation.

Any course may be offered on demand should sufficient interest be demonstrated and should a qualified instructor be available. “Demand” courses with a defined content will be offered as regularly as practical for the host department.

At the end of the course description, the following information will be given when applicable: laboratory information, corequisites (“simultaneous enrollment”) and prerequisites, cross listed courses (“same as”), special fees, and pertinent information about the use of the course.

Courses and Numbering

All courses are listed alphabetically by course prefix and numerically within each prefix. The department and college assignments are also noted. ACU uses a three-digit course numbering system. Courses numbered 100 to 299 are lower-level courses (primarily for freshmen and sophomores). Courses numbered from 300 to 499 are upper-level, or advanced, courses (primarily for juniors and seniors). Courses numbered 500 to 799 are graduate courses. All courses numbered 000 to 099 do not count toward graduation or GPA.

Prerequisites and Corequisites

Some courses have prerequisites, which must be met before a student may register for that course, or corequisites, which must be completed simultaneously. In some cases, a student may have special knowledge, skills or background that will enable him or her to perform well in a given class without meeting its prerequisites or corequisites. Such a student should seek special permission from the department offering the course.

A course may not use the same requirement as both prerequisite and corequisite. Courses listed as corequisite must be taken together. Students may not drop or withdraw from a course with corequisite requirements without dropping or withdrawing from both courses. Students may repeat a course with corequisite requirements alone in subsequent attempts if they fail or do not receive degree credit for the course on the first attempt. However, in courses with a subject code of EACH, EDUC, NURS, or SPAN, students must repeat both corequisite courses if they fail or do not receive credit for one or both courses on the first attempt.

Students should refer to the most recent catalog for course corequisites, prerequisites, and restrictions.

Course Sequencing

Some courses have recommendations of a previous course(s) for appropriate sequencing. Such recommendations are not prerequisites; the system will allow any student meeting a course’s prerequisites to enroll for a course regardless of whether the student meets the sequencing recommendations. Students are cautioned, however, to follow sequencing recommendations when all of the courses in the sequence are on their degree plans.

Independent Study and Special Topics Courses

Neither an independent study nor a special topics course should be a version or instance of a course that already has been approved for inclusion in the catalog.

Independent Study

An independent study course is a unique, student-initiated and student-driven course. An independent study course should be used to enhance a degree. It should be used as a substitution for degree requirements only in rare circumstances; it should not be used to correct poor planning. All other catalog policies apply.

Independent study courses are usually designed to be worth 3 credit hours. Ideally, independent study courses should make up no more than 6 hours (5 percent) of any student’s undergraduate degree. They should make up no more than 20 percent of any student’s graduate degree. Independent study courses should use the even hundred course number appropriate to the level of study (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, etc.)

Student proposals for independent studies may be approved or denied based on faculty interest or availability and departmental priorities. Students in the Doctor of Ministry (DMin) program will incur a separate fee for an independent study course and should contact the Director of the DMin Program for details.

When proposing an independent study, the student should complete the Independent Study Request form and discuss it – including the outcomes and artifacts of the study – with the proposed faculty member. Artifacts should support the student’s and the faculty member’s intended outcomes for the course through research, written work, creative projects, and/or professional projects. If the course is approved by the faculty member, the faculty member is responsible for creating the syllabus for the independent study. The syllabus must include the learning outcomes and how they will be measured.

The syllabus and Independent Study Request form should be submitted to the chair and dean on a timeline that would allow for the proposal to be approved or denied prior to the beginning of the term or part of term in which the course is being proposed. Study Abroad courses should be approved prior to departure from the United States.

Special topics

A special topics course is faculty/department-initiated and faculty-driven. A special topics course will be included in the course schedule for registration in a given term and could be used as a pilot for addition to the curriculum. A substitution form must be submitted for a special topics course to satisfy degree requirement. All other catalog policies apply.

The special topics syllabus must be submitted to the dean before March 1 for a fall course or October 1 for a spring or summer course, so that it will be available for student registration. Special topics courses should choose the course number appropriate to the level of study from the following: 140, 240, 340, 440, 540, 640, 740, etc.

The Texas Common Course Numbering System

The Texas Common Course Numbering System (TCCNS) has been designed for the purpose of aiding students in the transfer of general academic courses between colleges and universities throughout Texas. Common courses are freshman and sophomore academic credit courses that have been identified as common by institutions that are members of the common course numbering system. The system ensures that if the student takes the courses the receiving institution designates as common, then the courses will be accepted in transfer.

For further information contact the transfer course coordinator in the Registrar’s Office.
 

Philosophy
  

  • PHIL 379 - Philosophy, Religion and Science

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Spring, odd years

    The relationships among God, humans, and nature from the perspectives of philosophy, religion, and science. Same as PHYS 379  and BIBP 379 . May be used to satisfy University Requirements.
  

  • PHIL 380 - Introduction to Philosophy

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall

    Basic concerns of philosophy, relation of philosophy to other fields, and a discussion of the major types of philosophy. Prerequisite: Same as BIBP 380 . May be used to satisfy University Requirements.
  

  • PHIL 451 - Philosophy and Social Justice

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, even years

    This course considers the contributions of major contemporary philosophers to understanding distributive social justice on a national and international level. The class will explore the consistency of various positions with the teachings of Jesus about social justice. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing. May be used to satisfy University Requirements.
  

  • PHIL 478 - Philosophy of Religion

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, even years

    Theism in light of reason, competing world views, and philosophies. Same as BIBP 478 .
  

  • PHIL 486 - Ethics

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Spring

    Introduces different philosophical approaches to ethics, while focusing on selected ethical issues facing contemporary Christians. Same as BIBP 486 .
  

  • PHIL 487 - History of Ancient and Medieval Philosophy

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, odd years

    The development of philosophical thought during the ancient and medieval periods. Same as BIBP 487 .
  

  • PHIL 489 - History of Modern Philosophy

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Spring, even years

    The development of philosophical thought from Hobbes and Descartes through Kant and Hegel with emphasis on epistemology, metaphysics, and ethical theory. Same as BIBP 489 .
  

  • PHIL 490 - Early Political Philosophy

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, even years

    The major political philosophers from Plato to Machiavelli. Same as POLS 490 .
  

  • PHIL 491 - Modern Political Philosophy

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Spring, odd years

    The major political philosophers from Machiavelli to the present. Same as POLS 491 .

Theology (Undergraduate)
  

  • BIBT 332 - Religious Teachings of C.S. Lewis

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Spring

    A study of the religious writings of C.S. Lewis, emphasizing bibliographical information and concentrating on selected works of Lewis. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing; BIBL 101  and BIBL 102  (or BIBL 103 ); BIBL 211 . May be used to satisfy Bible University Requirements.
  

  • BIBT 342 - Christianity in Culture

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer

    Students will investigate the relationship of basic Christian values with some of the realities of contemporary culture. The class is also intended to promote the practice of theological reflection. Prerequisite: BIBL 101  and BIBL 102  (or BIBL 103 ), and BIBL 211 . May be used to satisfy Bible University Requirements.
  

  • BIBT 379 - The Church

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall

    A systematic, doctrinal study of the biblical teachings about the church, including historical insights, practical applications, and theological perspectives. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing; BIBL 101  and BIBL 102  (or BIBL 103 ); BIBL 211 . May be used to satisfy Bible University Requirements.
  

  • BIBT 491 - Theology

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Spring

    A systematic study of the basic doctrines of Christian faith, including God, Jesus, Holy Spirit, human nature, sin, the church, and eschatology. Students will learn the biblical foundations and historical development of these views, along with their pastoral and spiritual implications. Prerequisite: BIBL 101  and BIBL 102  (or BIBL 103 ); BIBL 211 . May be used to satisfy Bible University Requirements.

Theology (Graduate)
  

  • BIBD 642 - Contemporary Religious Thought

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: on demand

    Surveys contemporary theological thinkers and explores their relevance for theological issues today.
  

  • BIBD 647 - Research Problems in Theology

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: on demand

    Research problems (not pertaining to the thesis) in the light of individual needs and interests.
  

  • BIBD 660 - Systematic Theology I

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall

    Introduces the tasks and methods of systematic theology and focuses on Christian doctrines such as God, atonement, providence, human selfhood, and the church.
  

  • BIBD 661 - Theological Explorations

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Spring

    An in-depth study of one of the major Christian doctrines in light of insights from other fields of knowledge.
  

  • BIBD 662 - Systematic Theology II

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Summer, every other year

    This seminar explores the historical, theological, moral, and philosophical contours of the Christian conception of deification. Prerequisite: BIBD 660 .
  

  • BIBD 672 - Graduate Studies

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    Designed to introduce the basic tools of theological research and to promote the basic writing skills necessary for the presentation of scholarly research.
  

  • BIBD 678 - Philosophy of Religion

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Spring

    Introduces the task and methods of philosophy of religion and focuses on select philosophical issues facing contemporary Christians.
  

  • BIBD 686 - Christian Ethics

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall

    Introduces the task and methods of Christian ethics and focuses on select ethical issues facing contemporary Christians.
  

  • BIBD 699 - Master’s Thesis

    Lecture Hours: 0
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 6
    May be requested. This course is available for variable credit. Please see your advisor for more information.

Biology at Au Sable
  

  • BIOA 302 - Lake Ecology and Management

    Lecture Hours: 2
    Lab Hours: 6
    Credit Hours: 4
    Terms Offered: Summer, on demand

    Field study of lakes and other freshwater systems with applications to planning and management. Includes an introduction to limnology and investigation of representative lakes, streams, and wetlands of the region and compares the North American Great Lakes with the other great lakes of the world and their stewardship. Laboratory graded and credited with the course. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”; CHEM 111 /CHEM 112  or CHEM 131 /CHEM 133 ; CHEM 113 /CHEM 114  or CHEM 132 /CHEM 134 . Course offered at Au Sable Institute. Travel to site required.
  

  • BIOA 311 - Field Botany

    Lecture Hours: 2
    Lab Hours: 6
    Credit Hours: 4
    Terms Offered: Summer, on demand

    Field and lab identification, systematics, natural history, and ecology of vascular plants as components of natural communities. Ecological features, including stratification, history, plant zonation, adaptation, and animal interactions are examined. Relationships of plant families and higher groups are covered. Project and/or plant collection required. Laboratory graded and credited with the course. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”. Course offered at Au Sable Institute. Travel to site required.
  

  • BIOA 322 - Aquatic Biology

    Lecture Hours: 2
    Lab Hours: 6
    Credit Hours: 4
    Terms Offered: Summer, on demand

    Ecology, identification, systematics, culture, and care of aquatic plants and animals, and adaptations to freshwater environments. Aquatic life is studied in lakes, ponds, bogs, marshes, and streams and in the laboratory. The course assesses human impacts on aquatic species and ecosystems, presents procedures for the stewardship of aquatic habitats, and introduces aquatic restoration ecology. Laboratory graded and credited with the course. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”. Course offered at Au Sable Institute. Travel to site required.
  

  • BIOA 345 - Wildlife Ecology

    Lecture Hours: 2
    Lab Hours: 6
    Credit Hours: 4
    Terms Offered: Summer, on demand

    This course covers the ecology, conservation, and stewardship of wildlife species and their habitats. The main components of the course includes growth and structure of natural and managed populations, environmental and human social factors affecting wildlife communities, and wildlife conservation. The course is set in the context of the historical development of the field from management, to ecology, and to the land ethic of Leopold. It also includes discussions of how to apply this information for management and stewardship of non-game and endangered species, and long-term prospects of wildlife in changing environmental, climatic, and social contexts. Laboratory graded and credited with the course. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”. Course offered at Au Sable Institute. Travel to site required.
  

  • BIOA 355 - Watersheds in Global Development

    Lecture Hours: 2
    Lab Hours: 6
    Credit Hours: 4
    Terms Offered: Summer, on demand

    This course covers the principles of watershed ecology, including principles and practice of community-based water monitoring and watershed management for developing and developed countries and data access and analysis using an online relational database and data-to-action strategies. Designed for students in science and public policy, including students interested in missions and development and agencies involved in environmental assessment and community development. Includes EPA certification with demonstrated proficiency in specific watershed stewardship skill. Laboratory graded and credited with the course. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”. Course offered at Au Sable Institute. Travel to site required.
  

  • BIOA 362 - Environmental Applications for Geographic Information Systems

    Lecture Hours: 2
    Lab Hours: 6
    Credit Hours: 4
    Terms Offered: Summer, on demand

    Theory and application of spatial analysis for applied social and ecological problem-solving. This course combines GPS field data collection; ArcGIS use for storage, processing, interpretation, and presentation of data; location and integration of existing source information; and remote sensing integration with GIS applications. The course is designed around an environmental project to apply GIS techniques for real-world problem-solving in protecting and restoring ecosystems. Laboratory graded and credited with the course. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”. Course offered at Au Sable Institute. Travel to site required.
  

  • BIOA 471 - Conservation Biology

    Lecture Hours: 2
    Lab Hours: 6
    Credit Hours: 4
    Terms Offered: Summer, on demand

    Principles of conservation biology with applications to sustainable human society and biospheric integrity. An integrative approach to biology and society that interrelates population biology, ecological principles, biogeochemical cycles, ecosystem functions, and human society in the context of biospheric degradation. The course develops a stewardship perspective rooted in biological principles and directed at conservation of plant and animal species, biotic communities, ecosystems, and human society. Included are topics of human development, poverty, and economic growth. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”. Course offered at Au Sable Institute. Travel to site required.

Biology
  

  • BIOL 101 - Biology - Human Perspective

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer

    A conceptual investigation of biological principles from the human perspective - including historical, theoretical, ethical, and practical aspects. May be used to satisfy Science University Requirements. For non-biology majors.
  

  • BIOL 112 - General Biology I

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    A consideration of the diversity of life, emphasizing organism classification, structure and function in plants and animals. Corequisite: BIOL 114 . A grade of “C” or better must be achieved to enroll in subsequent Biology courses. May be used to satisfy University Requirements.
  

  • BIOL 113 - General Biology II

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    A consideration of the unity of life, emphasizing chemical and cellular organization, energy transfer through living systems, genetics, cellular information flow, ecology, and evolution/speciation. Prerequisite: A grade of “C” or better in BIOL 112  and BIOL 114 . Corequisite: BIOL 115 . A grade of “C” or better must be achieved to enroll in subsequent Biology courses. May be used to satisfy University Requirements.
  

  • BIOL 114 - General Biology I Laboratory

    Lecture Hours: 0
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 1
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    Laboratory experiences considering the diversity of life. Corequisite: BIOL 112 . A grade of “C” or better must be achieved to enroll in subsequent Biology courses. May be used to satisfy University Requirements. Course fee.
  

  • BIOL 115 - General Biology II Laboratory

    Lecture Hours: 0
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 1
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    Laboratory experience considering the unity of life. Prerequisite: A grade of “C” or better in BIOL 112  and BIOL 114 . A grade of “C” must be achieved to enroll in subsequent Biology courses. Corequisite: BIOL 113 . May be used to satisfy University Requirements. Course fee.
  

  • BIOL 203 - Basic Biology for Teachers

    Lecture Hours: 2
    Lab Hours: 2
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Spring, even years

    Survey of the plant and animal kingdoms and life processes; interactions with the environment and ecosystems and the ecology of life; includes laboratory work. Laboratory graded and credited with the course. For non-biology majors; only for students seeking teacher certification in an area other than biology. Prerequisite: MATH 237  or Math ACT score of 20 or MATH SAT (prior to March 1, 2016) score of 500 or MATH SAT (after March 1, 2016) score of 530. May be used to satisfy University Requirements. Course fee.
  

  • BIOL 221 - Animal Biology

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall

    A study of the comparative structure, physiology, and development of invertebrates and vertebrates. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115 . Corequisite: BIOL 223 .
  

  • BIOL 222 - Plant Biology

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Spring, even years

    A study of the historical, physiological, taxonomic, and ecological aspects of plants as well as their anatomic, reproductive, and adaptive responses to world environments. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115 . Corequisite: BIOL 224 .
  

  • BIOL 223 - Animal Biology Laboratory

    Lecture Hours: 0
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 1
    Terms Offered: Fall

    Laboratory and dissection experiences to understand the comparative structure, physiology, and development of invertebrate and vertebrate animals. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115 . Corequisite: BIOL 221 . Course fee.
  

  • BIOL 224 - Plant Biology Laboratory

    Lecture Hours: 0
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 1
    Terms Offered: Spring, even years

    Laboratory experiences using scientific methods to understand the anatomy, physiology, and practical aspects of plants. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115 . Corequisite: BIOL 222 . Course fee.
  

  • BIOL 291 - Anatomy and Physiology I

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    A systems approach to human anatomy and physiology emphasizing the musculoskeletal, nervous, and endocrine systems. Prerequisite: ACT Natural Sciences score of 20 or above; 950 or above on SAT (prior to March 1, 2016); 1030 or above on SAT (after March 1, 2016); or a grade of “C” or better in BIOL 101 . Corequisite: BIOL 293 . For non-biology majors. May be used to satisfy University Requirements.
  

  • BIOL 292 - Anatomy and Physiology II

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    A systems approach to human anatomy and physiology emphasizing the circulatory, respiratory, digestive, and genitourinary systems. Prerequisite: BIOL 291  and BIOL 293 . Corequisite: BIOL 294 . For non-biology majors. May be used to satisfy University Requirements.
  

  • BIOL 293 - Anatomy and Physiology I Laboratory

    Lecture Hours: 0
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 1
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    Laboratory study of topics covered in BIOL 291 . For non-biology majors. Corequisite: BIOL 291 . May be used to satisfy University Requirements. Course fee.
  

  • BIOL 294 - Anatomy and Physiology II Laboratory

    Lecture Hours: 0
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 1
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    Laboratory study of topics covered in BIOL 292 . For non-biology majors. Corequisite: BIOL 292 . May be used to satisfy University Requirements. Course fee.
  

  • BIOL 308 - Global Healthcare

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Summer, even years

    A study of healthcare delivery systems, quality of healthcare, and the impact of socioeconomic factors and culture on the delivery of healthcare through readings, discussion and interviews. Field experience will be gained through service-learning activities and observation within a medical community. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing. Corequisite: Participation in required shadowing, observation, and service components. Same as CHEM 308 , CSD 308 . May be used to satisfy University Requirements.
  

  • BIOL 309 - Medicinal Botany

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Summer, odd years

    A conceptual investigation of botanical medicines including historical, theoretical, ethical, and practical aspects with special emphasis on the investigation of botanicals in complementary and alternative medicines from a scientific perspective. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”. Course fee.
  

  • BIOL 312 - Cell Biology

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    Survey of cell structure and function with an emphasis on cellular energy-related events, proteins, and nucleic acids. Lecture may be taken without the lab. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”;and CHEM 114  or CHEM 134  or simultaneous enrollment.
  

  • BIOL 313 - Cell Biology Laboratory

    Lecture Hours: 0
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 1
    Terms Offered: Spring

    Laboratory study of cell structure and function with emphasis on energy-related events, proteins, and nucleic acids. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”; and CHEM 114  or CHEM 134  or simultaneous enrollment; and BIOL 312  or simultaneous enrollment. Course fee.
  

  • BIOL 330 - Neurobiology

    Lecture Hours: 2
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: on demand

    A consideration of the following topics: the neurophysiology of synaptic transmission, how sensory input is perceived and motor output is transmitted, and the location and function of the cranial nerve nuclei. Laboratory graded and credited with the course. Prerequisite: BIOL 312 .
  

  • BIOL 332 - Mind and Wellness

    Lecture Hours: 1
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 1
    Terms Offered: Fall

    An investigation into the influences on health - physical, emotional and spiritual, with examples drawn from the Asian and Hispanic cultures. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”.
  

  • BIOL 345 - Range and Wildland Plants

    Lecture Hours: 2
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall

    Identification, classification, multiple use and economic value of native and introduced range and wildland plants in the Southwest. Laboratory graded and credited with course. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C” and either BIOL 351  or junior standing. Same as ENVR 345 . Special travel fee and lab fee.
  

  • BIOL 351 - Genetics

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    Fundamental principles of genetics in plants and animals. Physical basis of inheritance, expression and interaction of genes, linkage, sex linkage, and the chemical nature of genetic material. Lecture may be taken without the lab. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C” and MATH 109  or higher.
  

  • BIOL 353 - General Microbiology

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, on demand

    Principles of general microbiology including immunology, pathogenic microbiology, environmental, and industrial microbiology. Prerequisite: CHEM 113  or CHEM 114  or CHEM 133  or BIOL 112 . Corequisite: BIOL 354 . For non-biology majors.
  

  • BIOL 354 - General Microbiology Lab

    Lecture Hours: 0
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 1
    The study of cultivation and characterization of microorganisms, their identification, and microbiology of the environment. Corequisite: BIOL 353 . For non-biology majors. Course fee.
  

  • BIOL 355 - Microbiology

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    A study of the cellular structure, metabolic pathways, regulatory, and genetic exchange mechanisms of microorganisms and how these relate to microbial roles in the biosphere, industry, and disease processes. Prerequisite: BIOL 312  or CHEM 223 . Corequisite: BIOL 357 . For biology and biochemistry majors.
  

  • BIOL 357 - Microbiology Laboratory

    Lecture Hours: 0
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 1
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    The study of cultivation and characterization of microorganisms, their identification, and the microbiology of the environment. Corequisite: BIOL 355 . For biology and biochemistry majors. Course fee.
  

  • BIOL 362 - Ecology

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, Summer, even years

    Ecological concepts, methods of vegetational and animal population analysis and biomes of the world. Lecture may be taken without the lab. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C” and either BIOL 351  or junior standing.
  

  • BIOL 364 - Ecology Laboratory

    Lecture Hours: 0
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 1
    Terms Offered: Fall

    Introduction to sampling methods of plant and animal populations and communities, and how they interact with their environment. Prerequisite: BIOL 362  or simultaneous enrollment. Special travel fee and lab fee.
  

  • BIOL 370 - Field Biology

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 4
    Terms Offered: Summer, odd years

    Sampling methods and field techniques applicable to the biota of the southwest. Collection, identification, and natural history including soils, geology, population and community analysis and dynamics. Laboratory graded and credited with the course. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”. Special travel fee and lab fee.
  

  • BIOL 380 - General Mammalogy

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 4
    Terms Offered: Spring, even years

    Principles of ecology, evolution, classification, biogeography, economic importance, and conservation of mammals. Laboratory graded and credited with the course. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C” and either BIOL 351  or junior standing. Special travel fee and lab fee.
  

  • BIOL 399 - Biology Research

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: On demand

    Students perform biological research under the supervision of a faculty member for 1-3 credit hours. A poster or presentation suitable for presentation at a scientific meeting or paper incorporating results of the research, written in the format of scientific publications, is required for completion of the course. Special laboratory fee. This course is available for variable credit. Please see your advisor for more information. Prerequisite: Instructor approval.
  

  • BIOL 401 - Secondary Science Teaching Methods

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    A study of teaching strategies and curriculum development for the secondary sciences. Presents the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills, College and Career Readiness Standards, and classroom management and discipline for the science laboratory environment. Prerequisite: 16 hours of science from appropriate secondary science teaching degree plan. Corequisite: EDUC 412  and EDUC 432 . Should be taken before student teaching. Same as CHEM 401 , PHYS 401 .
  

  • BIOL 403 - Marine Biology

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 4
    Terms Offered: Summer, even years

    A field course in Florida or Honduras. A study of the open ocean and the intertidal zones. Laboratory graded and credited with the course. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”. Special travel fee and lab fee. Travel during spring break required.
  

  • BIOL 425 - Behavioral Biology: Theory and Methods

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 1
    Credit Hours: 4
    Terms Offered: Spring, odd years

    Discover how an organism’s behavior permits adaptation to its environment. Behavioral ecology and ethological methods will be learned to understand how behavior permits homeostasis and adaptation. An introduction into sociobiological theory and a critique as it relates to human behavior will be explored. Laboratory graded and credited with the course. Special travel fee; out of town travel. Prerequisite: BIOL 362 .
  

  • BIOL 448 - Biology of Aging

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Summer

    Survey of the human anatomy and physiology with implications of normal and abnormal age-related changes. Same as GERO 448 .
  

  • BIOL 454 - Immunology

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall

    The cellular and molecular mechanisms inherent in immunology. Prerequisite: BIOL 312 .
  

  • BIOL 472 - Biochemistry I: Foundations of Biochemistry

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall

    Discusses the chemistry, structural aspects, and properties of amino acids, peptides, proteins, vitamins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. Prerequisite: A grade of “C” or better in CHEM 324 . Same as CHEM 453 .
  

  • BIOL 475 - Molecular Genetics

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Spring

    A study of the molecular interactions that take place during mitosis, meiosis, cell activation and inactivation, gene activation and inactivation, transcription, reverse transcription, translation, organelle synthesis and formation, morphogenetic cell movement, membrane synthesis. Prerequisite: BIOL 312  or CHEM 454  or BIOL 472  or simultaneous enrollment.
  

  • BIOL 476 - Biotechnology

    Lecture Hours: 1
    Lab Hours: 6
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Spring

    Explores the advancement of recombinant DNA technology. Experimental tasks include isolation, amplification, mapping, sequencing, cloning and fingerprinting of DNA, genome analysis, genetic testing, cell culture, and antigen detection. Prerequisite: BIOL 312 . Course fee.
  

  • BIOL 480 - Histology

    Lecture Hours: 2
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Spring

    Detailed microscopic anatomy of the tissues and organs of higher vertebrates. Laboratory graded and credited with the course. Prerequisite: BIOL 312 .
  

  • BIOL 481 - Plant Systematics

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 4
    Terms Offered: Summer, even years

    Introduction to the principles and methods of biological classification with emphasis on the local flora. Field and laboratory work consist of collection and identification of plant specimens and phylogenetic analysis of plant DNA. Laboratory graded and credited with the course. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”. Course fee.
  

  • BIOL 483 - Biostatistics

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Spring

    An introduction to experimental design, including common techniques in descriptive and inferential statistics. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”; MATH 109  with a minimum grade of “C”, or MATH 124 , or MATH 185 , or math placement testing into MATH 124  or MATH 185 .
  

  • BIOL 484 - Developmental Biology

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Spring, odd years

    A study of molecular events which begin with meiosis and fertilization and continue through the development and growth of the human embryo and fetus. Prerequisite: BIOL 312 .
  

  • BIOL 486 - Comparative Botany

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 4
    Terms Offered: Spring, odd years

    Advanced study of the anatomy, physiology, ecology, and taxonomy of plants and their relatives from a synthetic evolutionary perspective. Prerequisite: BIOL 112  /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”, and BIOL 351 . Course fee.
  

  • BIOL 487 - Comparative Zoology

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 4
    Terms Offered: Fall

    Advanced study of the comparative structure, development, and taxonomy of animals from a synthetic evolutionary perspective. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”, and BIOL 351 . Course fee.
  

  • BIOL 491 - Human Anatomy

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    Human biology, stressing morphology of the body using a systemic and regional approach. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C” and junior standing. Corequisite: BIOL 493 .
  

  • BIOL 492 - Physiology

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, on demand

    Study of normal functional needs and environmental challenges of vertebrates and invertebrates. Lecture may be taken without the lab. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C” and either BIOL 312  or junior standing.
  

  • BIOL 493 - Human Anatomy Laboratory

    Lecture Hours: 0
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 1
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    Laboratory study of the human body using visualization and dissection. Corequisite: BIOL 491 . Course fee.
  

  • BIOL 495 - Physiology Laboratory

    Lecture Hours: 0
    Lab Hours: 3
    Credit Hours: 1
    Terms Offered: Fall, on demand

    Laboratory investigation of animal function including measurements and data collection. Prerequisite: BIOL 112 /BIOL 114  and BIOL 113 /BIOL 115  with a minimum grade of “C”, either BIOL 312  or junior standing, and BIOL 492  or simultaneous enrollment. Course fee.
  

  • BIOL 497 - Seminar in Biology

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    Discussions where students critically analyze, reflect, and write about biology from the perspective of a Christian Worldview. Prerequisite: Senior year biology major or health professions concentration. A capstone and writing-intensive course.
  

  • BIOL 498 - Cancer Biology

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall

    Exposes students to all aspects of cancer studies including cancer causation, pathology, epidemiology, genetics, metastasis, detection, treatments and preventions. The biology of cancer cells is emphasized and analyzed at the molecular level with the introduction of classical and modern experimental details. Prerequisite: BIOL 312 .

Business Administration
  

  • BUSA 120 - Introduction to Business

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    A broad preview of business and entrepreneurial thinking. Topics include accounting, finance, information systems, management and marketing.
  

  • BUSA 419 - International Business

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    Examines the enterprise as it functions in and relates to the international environment. It begins with the history and theory of international trade, studies each business discipline in a global setting, and ends with a section on trends and strategies employed by major global corporations. Prerequisite: FIN 310 ; MGMT 330 ; MKTG 320 , all with a grade of “C” or better. May be used to satisfy University Requirements.
  

  • BUSA 435 - Christian Business Leadership Perspectives

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Spring

    Examines God’s call to leadership for Christian persons. Perspectives on leadership are drawn from the Bible, business, and popular literature. The learning approach includes guest speakers, individual study, group study, case analysis, and a critical examination of spiritual leadership issues. Special fee required. Prerequisite: 60 earned hours. Travel course.
  

  • BUSA 530 - Leadership

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    An overview of how individuals manage and lead themselves and others in business. Topics include theoretical and practical models of leadership, ethical issues of leadership, and forms of influence within groups and corporations. Students will develop and apply a personal leadership framework. First course for entering MBA students.
  

  • BUSA 550 - Foundations of Analytics

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    A broad preview of business and entrepreneurial thinking. Topics include accounting, finance, information systems, management and marketing. An introduction to the field of analytics, with emphasis on the application of statistical concepts, procedures, and tools to add value to oganizations. Topics include data and information acquisition, analysis, and application; data visualization and reporting; technological and organizational practices to support evidence-informed decision making; and ethical issues.
  

  • BUSA 554 - Accounting and Finance for Managers

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    This course focuses on the analysis and use of accounting and financial data by managers. Topics include budgeting, cost analysis, assessing value and risk, and financing short-term and long-term operations. Students will become competent consumers of financial information to support managerial decision-making. Prerequisite: Admission to MBA program and successful completion of an undergraduate or leveling accounting course.
  

  • BUSA 636 - Organizational Behavior

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Individual, group, and organizational variables that inhibit or facilitate effective organizational functioning. Topics may include rewards, motivation, culture, decision-making, and ethics. Same as MGMT 636 .
  

  • BUSA 645 - International Business

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    This course engages key issues in conducting business in international markets and emerging economies. This course describes the core concepts and theories related to international business and uses contemporary examples, scenarios, and cases to help students effectively put theory into practice.
  

  • BUSA 652 - Operations and Information Technology Management

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    The process of managing operations and information technology to achieve organizational goals. Topics include product and service delivery; systems to support business functions; ethical issues related to technological, data, and personnel resources; and techniques for effectively deploying these resources.
  

  • BUSA 656 - Strategic Marketing

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    The role of marketing and strategy in achieving organizational objectives. Topics include segmenting markets, pricing, identifying market opportunities and niches, aligning values with strategy, cooperative and collaborative strategies, and identifying organizational competencies.
  

  • BUSA 661 - Global Supply Chain Management

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Supply chain management is central to the service levels experienced by the customer, and supply chain activities are often a significant investment and cost driver. For this reason, the course focuses on imparting skills to enable the design and implementation of lean supply chains through managing global sourcing and procurement systems.
  

  • BUSA 670 - Managerial Decision Making

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    The role of managers as decision-makers, with an emphasis on analysis and data-driven processes. Explores decision-making tools and techniques for managers, the appropriate use of managerial authority, coalition-building, ethical considerations, and making decisions with incomplete or questionable data.
  

  • BUSA 674 - Innovation

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    The role of innovation from start-ups to global organizations. Explores the process of designing and developing new products, processes, and technologies to enhance organizational performance. Includes topics related to business models, design thinking, lean startup, and leadership. Capstone project required.
  

  • BUSA 678 - Business Law and Ethics

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    The application of legal and ethical principles in business contexts. Topics include U.S. business law; causes of ethical and unethical behavior and decision-making; and vocation. Students will reflect on and clearly articulate a personal system of ethics and values and apply it in business situations.

Business Law
  

  • BLAW 363 - Legal Environment of Business

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Fall, Spring

    Study of court system, sources of law, contracts, property, and regulation of business. Prerequisite: 48 earned hours.
  

  • BLAW 365 - Law and Entrepreneurship

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Summer

    This course is a discussion of legal issues related to contracts, torts, corporations, and employment relationships from an entrepreneurial, rather than managerial, perspective. Prerequisite: Junior standing.
  

  • BLAW 461 - Business Law II

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: Spring

    Case studies of creditor’s rights, business organizations, property, and trade regulation. Prerequisite: ACCT 310 , with a grade of “C” or better.

Chemistry and Biochemistry
  

  • CHEM 101 - Consumer Chemistry

    Lecture Hours: 3
    Lab Hours: 0
    Credit Hours: 3
    Terms Offered: on demand

    A study of chemistry’s influence on consumers, the environment, and society with emphasis on grasping the beauty and order of the Creator’s handiwork and on equipping citizens for more informed decisions. May be used to satisfy Science University Requirements. Not for majors in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry.
  

  • CHEM 111 - Introductory Chemistry Laboratory

    Lecture Hours: 1
    Lab Hours: 2
    Credit Hours: 1
    Terms Offered: Fall

    Introduction to measurement and observation. Activities coordinate with topics discussed in CHEM 113 . Emphasis given to quantitative measurements and interpretation of data. Corequisite: CHEM 113 . Not for majors in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry. May be used to satisfy University Requirements. Course fee.
  

  • CHEM 112 - Introductory Organic and Biological Chemistry Laboratory

    Lecture Hours: 1
    Lab Hours: 2
    Credit Hours: 1
    Terms Offered: Spring

    Continuation of CHEM 111 . Activities coordinate with topics discussed in CHEM 114 . Study of calorimetry; chemistry of organic compounds and functional groups. Prerequisite: CHEM 111 . Corequisite: CHEM 114 . Not for majors in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry. May be used to satisfy University Requirements. Course fee.
 

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